Policy Briefs

July 21, 2026
Shared mobility

Shared Mobility Services in Karaikal, Puducherry: Structural Constraints and Informal Adaptations Within the Permit Framework

Shared mobility has become an essential transport solution in Karaikal, bridging connectivity gaps where conventional public transport remains limited. This policy brief examines how informal fare-sharing autorickshaws and route-based shared services operate within Puducherry’s existing permit framework, highlighting the legal […]
June 16, 2026
Shared Mobility Andhra Pradesh

Why Shared Mobility Services Cannot Legally Operate in Andhra Pradesh: Policy Pathways for Integrating Shared IPT into the Legal Framework

This policy brief examines the legal and regulatory barriers that prevent shared Intermediate Public Transport (IPT) services, such as shared autorickshaws and motor cabs, from operating within Andhra Pradesh’s existing transport framework. It analyses how the traditional distinction between stage […]
April 7, 2026
Shared Mobility in Karnataka

Shared Mobility in Karnataka: Regulatory Constraints within the Stage–Contract Carriage Framework

Shared mobility services in smaller passenger vehicles such as autorickshaws and motorcabs are structurally incompatible with Karnataka’s current regulatory framework. The Karnataka Motor Vehicles Rules (KMVR), 1989, and the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, regulate vehicles by drawing a strict distinction […]
April 7, 2026
Shared Mobility in Tamil Nadu

Shared Mobility Services in Tamil Nadu: Regulatory Ambiguities within the Stage–Contract Carriage Framework 

Shared mobility services using small passenger vehicles (share autorickshaws) are commonly observed in urban corridors of Tamil Nadu. However, the legal framework governing these services continues to rely on the traditional contract carriage under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. While […]
April 7, 2026
Shared mobility in Kerala

Why Shared Mobility Services Cannot Legally Operate in Kerala: Structural Constraints within the Stage–Contract Carriage Framework

Shared mobility services in smaller passenger vehicles such as autorickshaws and motor cabs are structurally incompatible with Kerala’s current regulatory framework. The Kerala Motor Vehicles Rules (KMVR), 1989, and the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, regulate vehicles by drawing a strict […]